1. Machu Picchu, Peru
Machu Picchu is arguably the most iconic ancient ruin in the world, nestled high in the Peruvian Andes. This Incan city, constructed in the 15th century, was abandoned during the 16th century and remained largely unknown to the outside world until its rediscovery by Hiram Bingham in 1911. Machu Picchu is an engineering marvel, built without the use of mortar and situated at an altitude of 7,970 feet (2,430 meters).
Why Visit: The breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains, the intricate stonework, and the serene atmosphere make Machu Picchu a must-visit. The site’s purpose is still a topic of debate, with some suggesting it was a royal retreat, while others believe it had religious or astronomical significance. Hiking the Inca Trail or taking the train to the site offers a chance to step back in time and experience the ancient world firsthand.
2. The Colosseum, Rome, Italy
The Colosseum is one of the greatest feats of Roman architecture and engineering, and a symbol of ancient Rome’s power and grandeur. Built in the 1st century AD, this amphitheater once hosted gladiator battles, animal hunts, and public spectacles. With a capacity to hold up to 80,000 spectators, the Colosseum was the entertainment hub of ancient Rome.
Why Visit: Visiting the Colosseum offers a window into the violent and thrilling world of Roman entertainment. Standing in the shadow of the massive structure, you can almost hear the roar of the crowd and feel the intensity of the gladiatorial games. Modern-day tours take visitors through the arena’s labyrinthine corridors, offering a sense of what it might have been like to be part of the action.
3. Petra, Jordan
Petra, also known as the “Rose City” due to its striking red sandstone structures, is a breathtaking archaeological site in southern Jordan. Dating back to the 4th century BC, Petra was once the thriving capital of the Nabataean Kingdom. Its complex system of rock-cut architecture and water conduits allowed the Nabataeans to thrive in the arid desert region.
Why Visit: Petra’s most famous feature is its Al-Khazneh, the Treasury, a grand facade carved into the cliffs that has captivated visitors for centuries. Walking through the narrow Siq (a long, winding canyon), you’ll arrive at this incredible structure, which has been immortalized in films like Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Exploring Petra is like stepping into an ancient world, full of hidden tombs, temples, and structures that offer a glimpse into the innovative architecture of the Nabataeans.
4. Angkor Wat, Cambodia
The Angkor Wat temple complex is one of the largest and most impressive religious monuments in the world. Built in the 12th century by the Khmer Empire, it was originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu, before being converted to a Buddhist temple. The site covers over 160 hectares and is famous for its grand scale, intricate carvings, and majestic architecture.
Why Visit: Angkor Wat is a marvel of ancient engineering and artistry, with its towering spires and massive walls adorned with stunning bas-reliefs depicting mythological scenes. The sunrise over the temple is one of the most iconic images in travel, and exploring the vast complex allows visitors to connect with the spiritual and cultural history of Southeast Asia. Don’t miss Bayon Temple, with its thousands of serene faces carved into stone, or the jungle-clad Ta Prohm, where trees grow out of the ruins.
5. The Great Wall of China, China
The Great Wall of China is one of the most iconic symbols of ancient Chinese civilization and a marvel of engineering. Stretching over 13,000 miles, the wall was built over several centuries to protect China from invaders. The most well-known sections were constructed during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), but the wall’s history dates back to the 7th century BC.
Why Visit: The Great Wall is not just a defensive structure; it’s a testament to the perseverance and ingenuity of the Chinese people. Visitors can hike sections of the wall, such as the popular Badaling or Mutianyu sections, where the ancient bricks and watchtowers stand strong against the surrounding mountains. The views from the wall are both stunning and humbling, providing a sense of the immense scale of this historical feat.
